An occlusal splint, also known as a night guard or dental splint, is a custom-designed oral appliance primarily used to protect the teeth and jaw during sleep. Crafted from durable Nylon material, the splint fits comfortably over either the upper or lower teeth, forming a cushioning barrier between the dental arches. The primary function of an occlusal splint is to address bruxism, a condition characterized by the involuntary grinding or clenching of teeth during sleep.
Bruxism can cause significant dental and oral issues, including enamel wear, tooth damage, jaw pain, and headaches. In severe cases, it may contribute to temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ), which involve pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and surrounding muscles. By providing a smooth surface for the teeth to glide against, an occlusal splint effectively mitigates the effects of bruxism. It helps distribute the force exerted during grinding evenly, reducing the strain on individual teeth and relieving pressure on the jaw muscles and joints. This cushioning effect not only prevents further damage to the teeth but also alleviates associated discomfort, such as jaw soreness and headaches.
In addition to its role in managing bruxism, an occlusal splint can be beneficial in diagnosing and treating various other dental conditions. For instance, it can aid in addressing malocclusions, which are misalignments of the teeth and bite. By helping to stabilize the bite, the splint can provide insight into the nature of the misalignment and assist in developing appropriate treatment plans. Furthermore, occlusal splints can be used to manage certain sleep-related breathing disorders.
They can help to adjust the position of the jaw to improve airflow, thereby alleviating issues related to obstructive sleep apnoea or snoring. The process of obtaining an occlusal splint begins with a thorough examination by a dentist, who will assess the specific needs and conditions of the patient. Custom impressions of the teeth are taken to ensure a precise fit. The splint is then fabricated based on these impressions, ensuring that it conforms perfectly to the patient’s dental structure. Once the occlusal splint is ready, it is fitted and adjusted as needed to ensure comfort and effectiveness.
Patients are usually advised to wear the splint during sleep and may be given instructions on how to care for and clean the appliance to maintain its longevity and hygiene. In summary, an occlusal splint is a versatile and valuable tool in managing and preventing dental issues related to bruxism, jaw misalignment, and certain sleep disorders. Its protective and diagnostic benefits contribute significantly to maintaining oral health and overall well-being. If you have concerns about teeth grinding or related conditions, consult with your dentist to determine if an occlusion splint is right for you.